C++异常处理：try catch使用详解

try {
    // 可能抛出异常的代码
    throw exception_type("错误信息");
}
catch (exception_type& e) {
    // 处理特定类型的异常
    std::cout << "捕获异常：" << e.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (...) {
    // 捕获所有其他未处理的异常（可选）
    std::cout << "未知异常" << std::endl;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
int main() {
try {
throw std::invalid_argument("参数无效");
}
catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) {
std::cout << "捕获到参数错误：" << e.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& e) {
std::cout << "标准异常：" << e.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}

class MyException : public std::exception {
public:
    const char* what() const noexcept override {
        return "这是一个自定义异常";
    }
};
try {
throw MyException();
}
catch (const MyException& e) {
std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
}

try {
    throw std::out_of_range("越界");
}
catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
    std::cout << "越界异常：" << e.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& e) {
    std::cout << "其他标准异常" << std::endl;
}