C++调用Python脚本方法详解

#include <Python.h>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
// 初始化Python解释器
Py_Initialize();
if (!Py_IsInitialized()) {
    std::cerr << "Failed to initialize Python" << std::endl;
    return -1;
}

// 执行一个简单的Python语句
PyRun_SimpleString("print('Hello from Python!')");

// 执行外部.py文件
FILE* fp = fopen("test.py", "r");
if (fp) {
    PyRun_SimpleFile(fp, "test.py");
    fclose(fp);
} else {
    std::cerr << "Cannot open Python script" << std::endl;
}

// 清理
Py_Finalize();
return 0;
}

g++ -o call_python call_python.cpp -I/usr/include/python3.x -lpython3.x

PyObject* pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("test");  // 导入模块
if (!pModule) {
    PyErr_Print();
    std::cerr << "Failed to load module" << std::endl;
    return -1;
}
PyObject* pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "add");  // 获取函数
if (!pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc)) {
std::cerr << "Function not found or not callable" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// 构造参数元组
PyObject* pArgs = PyTuple_New(2);
PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, PyLong_FromLong(5));
PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 1, PyLong_FromLong(3));
// 调用函数
PyObject* pResult = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);
if (pResult) {
long result = PyLong_AsLong(pResult);
std::cout << "Result: " << result << std::endl;
} else {
PyErr_Print();
}
// 释放对象
Py_DECREF(pArgs);
Py_DECREF(pFunc);
Py_DECREF(pModule);
Py_XDECREF(pResult);

def add(a, b):
    return a + b