C++对象序列化与反序列化实现方法

#include 
#include 
#include 
class Person {
public:
std::string name;
int age;
// 构造函数
Person() : name(""), age(0) {}
Person(const std::string& n, int a) : name(n), age(a) {}

// 序列化：写入二进制流
void serialize(std::ofstream& out) const {
    size_t name_len = name.size();
    out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&name_len), sizeof(name_len));
    out.write(name.c_str(), name_len);
    out.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&age), sizeof(age));
}

// 反序列化：从二进制流读取
void deserialize(std::ifstream& in) {
    size_t name_len;
    in.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&name_len), sizeof(name_len));
    char* buffer = new char[name_len + 1];
    in.read(buffer, name_len);
    buffer[name_len] = '\0';
    name = std::string(buffer);
    delete[] buffer;
    in.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&age), sizeof(age));
}
};

int main() {
    Person p1("Alice", 30);
// 序列化到文件
std::ofstream out("person.dat", std::ios::binary);
if (out) {
    p1.serialize(out);
    out.close();
}

// 反序列化
Person p2;
std::ifstream in("person.dat", std::ios::binary);
if (in) {
    p2.deserialize(in);
    in.close();
}

std::cout << "Name: " << p2.name << ", Age: " << p2.age << std::endl;
return 0;
}

int main() {
    Person p{"Bob", 25};
// 序列化为JSON
json j = p.to_json();
std::ofstream out("person.json");
out << j.dump(4); // 格式化输出
out.close();

// 反序列化
std::ifstream in("person.json");
json j2;
in >> j2;
Person p2 = Person::from_json(j2);
in.close();

std::cout << "Name: " << p2.name << ", Age: " << p2.age << std::endl;
return 0;
}