Golang HTTP服务器搭建与路由技巧

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func helloHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, 你好！")
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", helloHandler)
    fmt.Println("服务器运行在 http://localhost:8080")
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func main() {
    mux := http.NewServeMux()

    mux.HandleFunc("/api/users", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        if r.Method == "GET" {
            w.Write([]byte("获取用户列表"))
        } else {
            http.Error(w, "方法不支持", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
        }
    })

    mux.HandleFunc("/api/users/create", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        if r.Method == "POST" {
            w.Write([]byte("创建用户"))
        } else {
            http.Error(w, "请使用POST请求", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
        }
    })

    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)
}

go get github.com/gorilla/mux

import "github.com/gorilla/mux"

func main() {
    r := mux.NewRouter()

    r.HandleFunc("/users/{id:[0-9]+}", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        vars := mux.Vars(r)
        userID := vars["id"]
        fmt.Fprintf(w, "用户ID: %s", userID)
    }).Methods("GET")

    r.HandleFunc("/users", createUser).Methods("POST")
    
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)
}

func loggingMiddleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
    return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        fmt.Printf("[%s] %s %s\n", r.Method, r.URL.Path, r.RemoteAddr)
        next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
    })
}

// 使用
r := mux.NewRouter()
r.Use(loggingMiddleware)