Python+Pygame实现24点游戏教程

游戏介绍

（1）什么是24点游戏

棋牌类益智游戏，要求结果等于二十四

（2）游戏规则

任意抽取4个数字（1——10），用加、减、乘、除（可加括号）把出现的数算成24。每个数字必须用一次且只能用一次。“算24点”作为一种锻炼思维的智力游戏，还应注意计算中的技巧问题。计算时，我们不可能把牌面上的4个数的不同组合形式——去试，更不能瞎碰乱凑。

例:3、8、8、9

答案:3×8÷(9-8)=24

实现代码

1.定义游戏这部分代码小写game.py文件

'''

    定义游戏

'''
import copy
import random
import pygame


'''
Function:
    卡片类
Initial Args:
    --x,y: 左上角坐标
    --width: 宽
    --height: 高
    --text: 文本
    --font: [字体路径, 字体大小]
    --font_colors(list): 字体颜色
    --bg_colors(list): 背景色
'''
class Card(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, text, font, font_colors, bg_colors, attribute, **kwargs):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height)
        self.text = text
        self.attribute = attribute
        self.font_info = font
        self.font = pygame.font.Font(font[0], font[1])
        self.font_colors = font_colors
        self.is_selected = False
        self.select_order = None
        self.bg_colors = bg_colors
    '''画到屏幕上'''
    def draw(self, screen, mouse_pos):
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.bg_colors[1], self.rect, 0)
        if self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos):
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.bg_colors[0], self.rect, 0)
        font_color = self.font_colors[self.is_selected]
        text_render = self.font.render(self.text, True, font_color)
        font_size = self.font.size(self.text)
        screen.blit(text_render, (self.rect.x+(self.rect.width-font_size[0])/2, self.rect.y+(self.rect.height-font_size[1])/2))


'''按钮类'''
class Button(Card):
    def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, text, font, font_colors, bg_colors, attribute, **kwargs):
        Card.__init__(self, x, y, width, height, text, font, font_colors, bg_colors, attribute)
    '''根据button function执行响应操作'''
    def do(self, game24_gen, func, sprites_group, objs):
        if self.attribute == 'NEXT':
            for obj in objs:
                obj.font = pygame.font.Font(obj.font_info[0], obj.font_info[1])
                obj.text = obj.attribute
            self.font = pygame.font.Font(self.font_info[0], self.font_info[1])
            self.text = self.attribute
            game24_gen.generate()
            sprites_group = func(game24_gen.numbers_now)
        elif self.attribute == 'RESET':
            for obj in objs:
                obj.font = pygame.font.Font(obj.font_info[0], obj.font_info[1])
                obj.text = obj.attribute
            game24_gen.numbers_now = game24_gen.numbers_ori
            game24_gen.answers_idx = 0
            sprites_group = func(game24_gen.numbers_now)
        elif self.attribute == 'ANSWERS':
            self.font = pygame.font.Font(self.font_info[0], 20)
            self.text = '[%d/%d]: ' % (game24_gen.answers_idx+1, len(game24_gen.answers)) + game24_gen.answers[game24_gen.answers_idx]
            game24_gen.answers_idx = (game24_gen.answers_idx+1) % len(game24_gen.answers)
        else:
            raise ValueError('Button.attribute unsupport %s, expect %s, %s or %s...' % (self.attribute, 'NEXT', 'RESET', 'ANSWERS'))
        return sprites_group


'''24点游戏生成器'''
class game24Generator():
    def __init__(self):
        self.info = 'game24Generator'
    '''生成器'''
    def generate(self):
        self.__reset()
        while True:
            self.numbers_ori = [random.randint(1, 10) for i in range(4)]
            self.numbers_now = copy.deepcopy(self.numbers_ori)
            self.answers = self.__verify()
            if self.answers:
                break
    '''只剩下一个数字时检查是否为24'''
    def check(self):
        if len(self.numbers_now) == 1 and float(self.numbers_now[0]) == self.target:
            return True
        return False
    '''重置'''
    def __reset(self):
        self.answers = []
        self.numbers_ori = []
        self.numbers_now = []
        self.target = 24.
        self.answers_idx = 0
    '''验证生成的数字是否有答案'''
    def __verify(self):
        answers = []
        for item in self.__iter(self.numbers_ori, len(self.numbers_ori)):
            item_dict = []
            list(map(lambda i: item_dict.append({str(i): i}), item))
            solution1 = self.__func(self.__func(self.__func(item_dict[0], item_dict[1]), item_dict[2]), item_dict[3])
            solution2 = self.__func(self.__func(item_dict[0], item_dict[1]), self.__func(item_dict[2], item_dict[3]))
            solution = dict()
            solution.update(solution1)
            solution.update(solution2)
            for key, value in solution.items():
                if float(value) == self.target:
                    answers.append(key)
        # 避免有数字重复时表达式重复(T_T懒得优化了)
        answers = list(set(answers))
        return answers
    '''递归枚举'''
    def __iter(self, items, n):
        for idx, item in enumerate(items):
            if n == 1:
                yield [item]
            else:
                for each in self.__iter(items[:idx]+items[idx+1:], n-1):
                    yield [item] + each
    '''计算函数'''
    def __func(self, a, b):
        res = dict()
        for key1, value1 in a.items():
            for key2, value2 in b.items():
                res.update({'('+key1+'+'+key2+')': value1+value2})
                res.update({'('+key1+'-'+key2+')': value1-value2})
                res.update({'('+key2+'-'+key1+')': value2-value1})
                res.update({'('+key1+'×'+key2+')': value1*value2})
                value2 > 0 and res.update({'('+key1+'÷'+key2+')': value1/value2})
                value1 > 0 and res.update({'('+key2+'÷'+key1+')': value2/value1})
        return res

2.游戏主函数

def main():
    # 初始化, 导入必要的游戏素材
    pygame.init()
    pygame.mixer.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(SCREENSIZE)
    pygame.display.set_caption('24点小游戏')
    win_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(AUDIOWINPATH)
    lose_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(AUDIOLOSEPATH)
    warn_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(AUDIOWARNPATH)
    pygame.mixer.music.load(BGMPATH)
    pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
    # 24点游戏生成器
    game24_gen = game24Generator()
    game24_gen.generate()
    # 精灵组
    # --数字
    number_sprites_group = getNumberSpritesGroup(game24_gen.numbers_now)
    # --运算符
    operator_sprites_group = getOperatorSpritesGroup(OPREATORS)
    # --按钮
    button_sprites_group = getButtonSpritesGroup(BUTTONS)
    # 游戏主循环
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    selected_numbers = []
    selected_operators = []
    selected_buttons = []
    is_win = False
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit(-1)
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                selected_numbers = checkClicked(number_sprites_group, mouse_pos, 'NUMBER')
                selected_operators = checkClicked(operator_sprites_group, mouse_pos, 'OPREATOR')
                selected_buttons = checkClicked(button_sprites_group, mouse_pos, 'BUTTON')
        screen.fill(AZURE)
        # 更新数字
        if len(selected_numbers) == 2 and len(selected_operators) == 1:
            noselected_numbers = []
            for each in number_sprites_group:
                if each.is_selected:
                    if each.select_order == '1':
                        selected_number1 = each.attribute
                    elif each.select_order == '2':
                        selected_number2 = each.attribute
                    else:
                        raise ValueError('Unknow select_order %s, expect 1 or 2...' % each.select_order)
                else:
                    noselected_numbers.append(each.attribute)
                each.is_selected = False
            for each in operator_sprites_group:
                each.is_selected = False
            result = calculate(selected_number1, selected_number2, *selected_operators)
            if result is not None:
                game24_gen.numbers_now = noselected_numbers + [result]
                is_win = game24_gen.check()
                if is_win:
                    win_sound.play()
                if not is_win and len(game24_gen.numbers_now) == 1:
                    lose_sound.play()
            else:
                warn_sound.play()
            selected_numbers = []
            selected_operators = []
            number_sprites_group = getNumberSpritesGroup(game24_gen.numbers_now)
        # 精灵都画到screen上
        for each in number_sprites_group:
            each.draw(screen, pygame.mouse.get_pos())
        for each in operator_sprites_group:
            each.draw(screen, pygame.mouse.get_pos())
        for each in button_sprites_group:
            if selected_buttons and selected_buttons[0] in ['RESET', 'NEXT']:
                is_win = False
            if selected_buttons and each.attribute == selected_buttons[0]:
                each.is_selected = False
                number_sprites_group = each.do(game24_gen, getNumberSpritesGroup, number_sprites_group, button_sprites_group)
                selected_buttons = []
            each.draw(screen, pygame.mouse.get_pos())
        # 游戏胜利
        if is_win:
            showInfo('Congratulations', screen)
        # 游戏失败
        if not is_win and len(game24_gen.numbers_now) == 1:
            showInfo('Game Over', screen)
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(30)

游戏效果展示