如何使用Python将PDF转换为MP3？
一、PDF转为MP3我们平常看到很多文件都是PDF格式，网上的各类书籍多为此格式。有时候不方便阅读，或者怕费眼睛伤颈椎，那么有没有一种方法可以把它变为音频，这样上下班路上也就可以听一听。这里做个科普，什么是TTS？TTS（TextToSpeech，文本转语音）是语音合成应用的一种，它将储存于电脑中的文件，如帮助文件或者网页，转换成自然语音输出。edge-tts就是将微软的语音合成技术，他是将edge浏览器里提供的tts打包成Python第三方包，这样就可以免费调用微软的语音合成技术。二、准备工作将PDF转
一、PDF转为MP3
我们平常看到很多文件都是PDF格式，网上的各类书籍多为此格式。有时候不方便阅读，或者怕费眼睛伤颈椎，那么有没有一种方法可以把它变为音频，这样上下班路上也就可以听一听。
这里做个科普，什么是TTS？TTS（Text To Speech，文本转语音）是语音合成应用的一种，它将储存于电脑中的文件，如帮助文件或者网页，转换成自然语音输出。edge-tts就是将微软的语音合成技术，他是将edge浏览器里提供的tts打包成Python第三方包，这样就可以免费调用微软的语音合成技术。
二、准备工作
将PDF转为音频MP3文件，需要两步。第一步，将pdf转为txt文本；第二步，将txt转为音频。所以我们需要以下两个库。
1. 安装pdfplumber包，用于将pdf转为txt
(base) C:\Users\Administrator>pip install pdfplumber
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Successfully installed Wand-0.6.11 pdfminer.six-20221105 pdfplumber-0.9.0
2. 安装edge-tts包，用于将txt转为音频
(base) C:\Users\Administrator>pip install edge-tts
Collecting edge-tts
Downloading edge_tts-6.1.5-py3-none-any.whl (27 kB)
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Successfully installed edge-tts-6.1.5
三、代码很简单
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pdfplumber
import asyncio
import os
import edge_tts
from edge_tts import VoicesManager
async def txt2mp3(txt,mp3,announcer='Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-CN, XiaoxiaoNeural)') -> None:
# 将文本转换为mp3音频
communicate = edge_tts.Communicate(txt, announcer)
await communicate.save(mp3)
async def get_announcer(Gender="Female", Language="zh"):
voices = await VoicesManager.create()
voice = voices.find(Gender=Gender, Language=Language)
print(voice)
if __name__ == "__main__":
rootdir = 'd:\\python_csdn\\files\\'
filename = '道德经.pdf'
pdf_path = rootdir+filename
announcer='Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-CN, XiaoxiaoNeural)'
if 0:
# 查看可用播音角色(性别女性，语言为中文)
asyncio.run(get_announcer(Gender="Female", Language="zh"))
if 1:
# 读取pdf并提取文本到txt文件，并将其内容转为mp3音频文件。
page_num = 0
with pdfplumber.open(pdf_path) as pdf:
for page in pdf.pages:
textdata = page.extract_text().replace("\n", "")#提取文字后删除末尾换行，以免转音频卡顿
page_num += 1
txt_path = pdf_path.split(".")[0]+"{:03d}".format(page_num)+'.txt'
if len(textdata)>0:
with open(txt_path ,'a',encoding='utf-8') as txt:
txt.write(textdata)
print('第'+str(page_num)+'页:',textdata)
mp3_path = txt_path.split(".")[0]+'.mp3'
asyncio.run(txt2mp3(textdata,mp3_path))
print('第'+str(page_num)+'个txt文件已转音频:',mp3_path)
print('Pdf文件共有'+str(page_num)+'页，已转换完成')很快就搞定啦，见下图。以后再想听PDF就把上面代码跑起来！
四、变更播音员
在以上程序中修改以下代码if条件为1，即可查看可用播音角色。
if 1: # 查看可用播音角色(性别女性，语言为中文)，男性Gender="Male" asyncio.run(get_announcer(Gender="Female", Language="zh"))
运行后结果为一个list，通过json格式化后，如下所示。变更播音员只需要使用Name值替换前面announcer值即可。是不是很简单？
[{
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-HK, HiuGaaiNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-HK-HiuGaaiNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-HK',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft HiuGaai Online (Natural) - Chinese (Cantonese Traditional)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['General'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Friendly', 'Positive']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-HK, HiuMaanNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-HK-HiuMaanNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-HK',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft HiuMaan Online (Natural) - Chinese (Hong Kong)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['General'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Friendly', 'Positive']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-CN, XiaoxiaoNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-CN-XiaoxiaoNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-CN',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft Xiaoxiao Online (Natural) - Chinese (Mainland)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['News', 'Novel'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Warm']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-CN, XiaoyiNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-CN-XiaoyiNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-CN',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft Xiaoyi Online (Natural) - Chinese (Mainland)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['Cartoon', 'Novel'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Lively']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-CN-liaoning, XiaobeiNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-CN-liaoning-XiaobeiNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-CN-liaoning',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft Xiaobei Online (Natural) - Chinese (Northeastern Mandarin)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['Dialect'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Humorous']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-TW, HsiaoChenNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-TW-HsiaoChenNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-TW',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft HsiaoChen Online (Natural) - Chinese (Taiwan)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['General'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Friendly', 'Positive']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-TW, HsiaoYuNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-TW-HsiaoYuNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-TW',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft HsiaoYu Online (Natural) - Chinese (Taiwanese Mandarin)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['General'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Friendly', 'Positive']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}, {
'Name': 'Microsoft Server Speech Text to Speech Voice (zh-CN-shaanxi, XiaoniNeural)',
'ShortName': 'zh-CN-shaanxi-XiaoniNeural',
'Gender': 'Female',
'Locale': 'zh-CN-shaanxi',
'SuggestedCodec': 'audio-24khz-48kbitrate-mono-mp3',
'FriendlyName': 'Microsoft Xiaoni Online (Natural) - Chinese (Zhongyuan Mandarin Shaanxi)',
'Status': 'GA',
'VoiceTag': {
'ContentCategories': ['Dialect'],
'VoicePersonalities': ['Bright']
},
'Language': 'zh'
}]总结
查看所有播音角色，执行命令：>edge-tts --list-voices
(base) C:\Users\Administrator>edge-tts --list-voices Name: af-ZA-AdriNeural Gender: Female Name: af-ZA-WillemNeural Gender: Male Name: am-ET-AmehaNeural Gender: Male Name: am-ET-MekdesNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-AE-FatimaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-AE-HamdanNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-BH-AliNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-BH-LailaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-DZ-AminaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-DZ-IsmaelNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-EG-SalmaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-EG-ShakirNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-IQ-BasselNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-IQ-RanaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-JO-SanaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-JO-TaimNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-KW-FahedNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-KW-NouraNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-LB-LaylaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-LB-RamiNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-LY-ImanNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-LY-OmarNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-MA-JamalNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-MA-MounaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-OM-AbdullahNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-OM-AyshaNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-QA-AmalNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-QA-MoazNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-SA-HamedNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-SA-ZariyahNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-SY-AmanyNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-SY-LaithNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-TN-HediNeural Gender: Male Name: ar-TN-ReemNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-YE-MaryamNeural Gender: Female Name: ar-YE-SalehNeural Gender: Male Name: az-AZ-BabekNeural Gender: Male Name: az-AZ-BanuNeural Gender: Female Name: bg-BG-BorislavNeural Gender: Male Name: bg-BG-KalinaNeural Gender: Female Name: bn-BD-NabanitaNeural Gender: Female Name: bn-BD-PradeepNeural Gender: Male Name: bn-IN-BashkarNeural Gender: Male Name: bn-IN-TanishaaNeural Gender: Female Name: bs-BA-GoranNeural Gender: Male Name: bs-BA-VesnaNeural Gender: Female Name: ca-ES-EnricNeural Gender: Male Name: ca-ES-JoanaNeural Gender: Female Name: cs-CZ-AntoninNeural Gender: Male Name: cs-CZ-VlastaNeural Gender: Female Name: cy-GB-AledNeural Gender: Male Name: cy-GB-NiaNeural Gender: Female Name: da-DK-ChristelNeural Gender: Female Name: da-DK-JeppeNeural Gender: Male Name: de-AT-IngridNeural Gender: Female Name: de-AT-JonasNeural Gender: Male Name: de-CH-JanNeural Gender: Male Name: de-CH-LeniNeural Gender: Female Name: de-DE-AmalaNeural Gender: Female Name: de-DE-ConradNeural Gender: Male Name: de-DE-KatjaNeural Gender: Female Name: de-DE-KillianNeural Gender: Male Name: el-GR-AthinaNeural Gender: Female Name: el-GR-NestorasNeural Gender: Male Name: en-AU-NatashaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-AU-WilliamNeural Gender: Male Name: en-CA-ClaraNeural Gender: Female Name: en-CA-LiamNeural Gender: Male Name: en-GB-LibbyNeural Gender: Female Name: en-GB-MaisieNeural Gender: Female Name: en-GB-RyanNeural Gender: Male Name: en-GB-SoniaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-GB-ThomasNeural Gender: Male Name: en-HK-SamNeural Gender: Male Name: en-HK-YanNeural Gender: Female Name: en-IE-ConnorNeural Gender: Male Name: en-IE-EmilyNeural Gender: Female Name: en-IN-NeerjaExpressiveNeural Gender: Female Name: en-IN-NeerjaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-IN-PrabhatNeural Gender: Male Name: en-KE-AsiliaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-KE-ChilembaNeural Gender: Male Name: en-NG-AbeoNeural Gender: Male Name: en-NG-EzinneNeural Gender: Female Name: en-NZ-MitchellNeural Gender: Male Name: en-NZ-MollyNeural Gender: Female Name: en-PH-JamesNeural Gender: Male Name: en-PH-RosaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-SG-LunaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-SG-WayneNeural Gender: Male Name: en-TZ-ElimuNeural Gender: Male Name: en-TZ-ImaniNeural Gender: Female Name: en-US-AnaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-US-AriaNeural Gender: Female Name: en-US-ChristopherNeural Gender: Male Name: en-US-EricNeural Gender: Male Name: en-US-GuyNeural Gender: Male Name: en-US-JennyNeural Gender: Female Name: en-US-MichelleNeural Gender: Female Name: en-US-RogerNeural Gender: Male Name: en-US-SteffanNeural Gender: Male Name: en-ZA-LeahNeural Gender: Female Name: en-ZA-LukeNeural Gender: Male Name: es-AR-ElenaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-AR-TomasNeural Gender: Male Name: es-BO-MarceloNeural Gender: Male Name: es-BO-SofiaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-CL-CatalinaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-CL-LorenzoNeural Gender: Male Name: es-CO-GonzaloNeural Gender: Male Name: es-CO-SalomeNeural Gender: Female Name: es-CR-JuanNeural Gender: Male Name: es-CR-MariaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-CU-BelkysNeural Gender: Female Name: es-CU-ManuelNeural Gender: Male Name: es-DO-EmilioNeural Gender: Male Name: es-DO-RamonaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-EC-AndreaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-EC-LuisNeural Gender: Male Name: es-ES-AlvaroNeural Gender: Male Name: es-ES-ElviraNeural Gender: Female Name: es-GQ-JavierNeural Gender: Male Name: es-GQ-TeresaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-GT-AndresNeural Gender: Male Name: es-GT-MartaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-HN-CarlosNeural Gender: Male Name: es-HN-KarlaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-MX-DaliaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-MX-JorgeNeural Gender: Male Name: es-NI-FedericoNeural Gender: Male Name: es-NI-YolandaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-PA-MargaritaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-PA-RobertoNeural Gender: Male Name: es-PE-AlexNeural Gender: Male Name: es-PE-CamilaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-PR-KarinaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-PR-VictorNeural Gender: Male Name: es-PY-MarioNeural Gender: Male Name: es-PY-TaniaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-SV-LorenaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-SV-RodrigoNeural Gender: Male Name: es-US-AlonsoNeural Gender: Male Name: es-US-PalomaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-UY-MateoNeural Gender: Male Name: es-UY-ValentinaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-VE-PaolaNeural Gender: Female Name: es-VE-SebastianNeural Gender: Male Name: et-EE-AnuNeural Gender: Female Name: et-EE-KertNeural Gender: Male Name: fa-IR-DilaraNeural Gender: Female Name: fa-IR-FaridNeural Gender: Male Name: fi-FI-HarriNeural Gender: Male Name: fi-FI-NooraNeural Gender: Female Name: fil-PH-AngeloNeural Gender: Male Name: fil-PH-BlessicaNeural Gender: Female Name: fr-BE-CharlineNeural Gender: Female Name: fr-BE-GerardNeural Gender: Male Name: fr-CA-AntoineNeural Gender: Male Name: fr-CA-JeanNeural Gender: Male Name: fr-CA-SylvieNeural Gender: Female Name: fr-CH-ArianeNeural Gender: Female Name: fr-CH-FabriceNeural Gender: Male Name: fr-FR-DeniseNeural Gender: Female Name: fr-FR-EloiseNeural Gender: Female Name: fr-FR-HenriNeural Gender: Male Name: ga-IE-ColmNeural Gender: Male Name: ga-IE-OrlaNeural Gender: Female Name: gl-ES-RoiNeural Gender: Male Name: gl-ES-SabelaNeural Gender: Female Name: gu-IN-DhwaniNeural Gender: Female Name: gu-IN-NiranjanNeural Gender: Male Name: he-IL-AvriNeural Gender: Male Name: he-IL-HilaNeural Gender: Female Name: hi-IN-MadhurNeural Gender: Male Name: hi-IN-SwaraNeural Gender: Female Name: hr-HR-GabrijelaNeural Gender: Female Name: hr-HR-SreckoNeural Gender: Male Name: hu-HU-NoemiNeural Gender: Female Name: hu-HU-TamasNeural Gender: Male Name: id-ID-ArdiNeural Gender: Male Name: id-ID-GadisNeural Gender: Female Name: is-IS-GudrunNeural Gender: Female Name: is-IS-GunnarNeural Gender: Male Name: it-IT-DiegoNeural Gender: Male Name: it-IT-ElsaNeural Gender: Female Name: it-IT-IsabellaNeural Gender: Female Name: ja-JP-KeitaNeural Gender: Male Name: ja-JP-NanamiNeural Gender: Female Name: jv-ID-DimasNeural Gender: Male Name: jv-ID-SitiNeural Gender: Female Name: ka-GE-EkaNeural Gender: Female Name: ka-GE-GiorgiNeural Gender: Male Name: kk-KZ-AigulNeural Gender: Female Name: kk-KZ-DauletNeural Gender: Male Name: km-KH-PisethNeural Gender: Male Name: km-KH-SreymomNeural Gender: Female Name: kn-IN-GaganNeural Gender: Male Name: kn-IN-SapnaNeural Gender: Female Name: ko-KR-InJoonNeural Gender: Male Name: ko-KR-SunHiNeural Gender: Female Name: lo-LA-ChanthavongNeural Gender: Male Name: lo-LA-KeomanyNeural Gender: Female Name: lt-LT-LeonasNeural Gender: Male Name: lt-LT-OnaNeural Gender: Female Name: lv-LV-EveritaNeural Gender: Female Name: lv-LV-NilsNeural Gender: Male Name: mk-MK-AleksandarNeural Gender: Male Name: mk-MK-MarijaNeural Gender: Female Name: ml-IN-MidhunNeural Gender: Male Name: ml-IN-SobhanaNeural Gender: Female Name: mn-MN-BataaNeural Gender: Male Name: mn-MN-YesuiNeural Gender: Female Name: mr-IN-AarohiNeural Gender: Female Name: mr-IN-ManoharNeural Gender: Male Name: ms-MY-OsmanNeural Gender: Male Name: ms-MY-YasminNeural Gender: Female Name: mt-MT-GraceNeural Gender: Female Name: mt-MT-JosephNeural Gender: Male Name: my-MM-NilarNeural Gender: Female Name: my-MM-ThihaNeural Gender: Male Name: nb-NO-FinnNeural Gender: Male Name: nb-NO-PernilleNeural Gender: Female Name: ne-NP-HemkalaNeural Gender: Female Name: ne-NP-SagarNeural Gender: Male Name: nl-BE-ArnaudNeural Gender: Male Name: nl-BE-DenaNeural Gender: Female Name: nl-NL-ColetteNeural Gender: Female Name: nl-NL-FennaNeural Gender: Female Name: nl-NL-MaartenNeural Gender: Male Name: pl-PL-MarekNeural Gender: Male Name: pl-PL-ZofiaNeural Gender: Female Name: ps-AF-GulNawazNeural Gender: Male Name: ps-AF-LatifaNeural Gender: Female Name: pt-BR-AntonioNeural Gender: Male Name: pt-BR-FranciscaNeural Gender: Female Name: pt-PT-DuarteNeural Gender: Male Name: pt-PT-RaquelNeural Gender: Female Name: ro-RO-AlinaNeural Gender: Female Name: ro-RO-EmilNeural Gender: Male Name: ru-RU-DmitryNeural Gender: Male Name: ru-RU-SvetlanaNeural Gender: Female Name: si-LK-SameeraNeural Gender: Male Name: si-LK-ThiliniNeural Gender: Female Name: sk-SK-LukasNeural Gender: Male Name: sk-SK-ViktoriaNeural Gender: Female Name: sl-SI-PetraNeural Gender: Female Name: sl-SI-RokNeural Gender: Male Name: so-SO-MuuseNeural Gender: Male Name: so-SO-UbaxNeural Gender: Female Name: sq-AL-AnilaNeural Gender: Female Name: sq-AL-IlirNeural Gender: Male Name: sr-RS-NicholasNeural Gender: Male Name: sr-RS-SophieNeural Gender: Female Name: su-ID-JajangNeural Gender: Male Name: su-ID-TutiNeural Gender: Female Name: sv-SE-MattiasNeural Gender: Male Name: sv-SE-SofieNeural Gender: Female Name: sw-KE-RafikiNeural Gender: Male Name: sw-KE-ZuriNeural Gender: Female Name: sw-TZ-DaudiNeural Gender: Male Name: sw-TZ-RehemaNeural Gender: Female Name: ta-IN-PallaviNeural Gender: Female Name: ta-IN-ValluvarNeural Gender: Male Name: ta-LK-KumarNeural Gender: Male Name: ta-LK-SaranyaNeural Gender: Female Name: ta-MY-KaniNeural Gender: Female Name: ta-MY-SuryaNeural Gender: Male Name: ta-SG-AnbuNeural Gender: Male Name: ta-SG-VenbaNeural Gender: Female Name: te-IN-MohanNeural Gender: Male Name: te-IN-ShrutiNeural Gender: Female Name: th-TH-NiwatNeural Gender: Male Name: th-TH-PremwadeeNeural Gender: Female Name: tr-TR-AhmetNeural Gender: Male Name: tr-TR-EmelNeural Gender: Female Name: uk-UA-OstapNeural Gender: Male Name: uk-UA-PolinaNeural Gender: Female Name: ur-IN-GulNeural Gender: Female Name: ur-IN-SalmanNeural Gender: Male Name: ur-PK-AsadNeural Gender: Male Name: ur-PK-UzmaNeural Gender: Female Name: uz-UZ-MadinaNeural Gender: Female Name: 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学习如何使用Python高效删除列表中的重复元素。本文提供5种常见方法的代码示例，涵盖保持顺序与不保持顺序的场景，适合初学者和进阶开发者参考。
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客观对比Python与C语言在心智负担、底层机制与学习反馈上的核心差异，提供清晰有据的选择标准与切实的入门学习路径。
针对大数据工程场景，系统对比Java、Scala与Python在执行性能、生态结合、开发效率和维护成本上的核心差异，给出清晰的架构选型依据与落地方案。
本篇LangGraph Python中文入门教程详解，系统梳理StateGraph状态机定义、节点编写、边与条件路由、检查点持久化（MemorySaver）等核心机制，提供从环境安装到完整循环智能体构建的代码示例与实操指导。
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火山引擎是字节跳动旗下企业级云与AI服务平台。聚焦大模型核心能力，依托字节自研豆包多模态大模型，凭借火山方舟一站式平台，提供模型精调、推理部署、智能应用搭建等全链路服务，结合高性能AI算力，助力各行业快速落地大模型数字化与智能化应用。
